?recur

recur發(fā)音

英：[r?'k?:(r)]　　美：[r??k?]

英：　　美：

recur中文意思翻譯

vi. 重現(xiàn), 再發(fā)生

vi. 訴諸

recur詞形變化

動(dòng)詞過去分詞: recurred | 名詞: recurrence | 動(dòng)詞過去式: recurred | 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù): recurs | 動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞: recurring |

recur習(xí)慣用語

recur常見例句

1 、It is clear the same difficulties will recur.───很清楚，同樣的困難會(huì)再次出現(xiàn)。

2 、an adjustment that causes something to occur or recur in unison───促使其同時(shí)發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)的調(diào)整

3 、Other themes seem to follow naturally from that perspective. They recur in almost everything Hayek wrote.───從這一視角出發(fā)，自然而然地，哈耶克發(fā)出了另類的聲音。它們?cè)诠说拿恳黄骼锒嫉玫搅苏蔑@。

4 、I'd just be a measly recurring character.─── 我只是一個(gè)微不足道的反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的角色

5 、TurnTo recur in cycles or at periodic intervals.───循環(huán)往復(fù):在周期中或周期性間隔中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。

6 、Every so many generations, the scars recur leading to deformity or autism.───如此多代每一代，傷痛復(fù)發(fā)導(dǎo)致畸形和瘋狂。

7 、He did not recur in thought to New York or the flat.───他再也沒去想紐約或者他的公寓。

8 、The repeated failures of the past cannot and must not be allowed to recur, and they must be turned into victory.───歷史上多次失敗的情形，不能再繼續(xù)了，也決不能讓它再繼續(xù)了，而要使它轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閯倮?/p>

9 、The Global Executive Program, which specially focuses on General Management, is designed in an integrative manner, i.e., the modules recur within the course of ...───全球執(zhí)行計(jì)劃，該計(jì)劃特別注重對(duì)綜合管理，設(shè)計(jì)是一個(gè)綜合性的方式，即在程序的課程單元，并發(fā)生在不同情況下處理。

10 、The case of Kao Kang and Jao Shu-shih serves as an important lesson for our Party, and all the members should take warning and make sure that similar cases will not recur in the Party.───對(duì)于我們的黨說來，高崗、饒漱石事件是一個(gè)重要的教訓(xùn)，全黨應(yīng)該引為鑒戒，務(wù)必使黨內(nèi)不要重復(fù)出現(xiàn)這樣的事件。

11 、After two homestead destroy,Scarlet recur to"Christ" Faramita "homestead",to gain oversee redemption.───當(dāng)“此岸”的雙重家園失去后,斯卡利特回到“基督”的“彼岸”家園,以求得向下的救贖。

12 、If you click Test, the test will be repeated, and the error could recur.───如果您單擊“測試”，將重復(fù)測試，有可能出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。

13 、Appointments and Tasks that will recur outside of these dates will not appear in the export file.───在這些日期外重復(fù)的約會(huì)和任務(wù)不在導(dǎo)出文件中出現(xiàn)。

14 、Immunosuppressant may provide results comparable to nerve autografts.However, immune response will recur after immunosupressant is withdrawn.───應(yīng)用免疫抑制劑，效果較理想，但停藥后排異反應(yīng)仍難避免。

15 、After an initial review of the relevant work procedure, the Observatory has modified the computer program to ensure that such incident will not recur in future.───天文臺(tái)經(jīng)初步檢討有關(guān)工作程序后,現(xiàn)已修改了電腦程式,以確保類似事件不再發(fā)生。

16 、Note the uniformity with which certain patterns recur.─── 注意到這里重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的模式了嗎

17 、If the swelling should recur, please take this medicine immediately.───如果再出現(xiàn)腫脹癥狀，請(qǐng)立即服用這種藥品。

18 、We can't create the miracle. But we can only learn to believe that someday the brightness will recur...───奇跡是不能被設(shè)定的.但我們?cè)搶W(xué)會(huì)相信,相信光明終會(huì)重現(xiàn)...

19 、Unlike most other types of cancer, prostate cancer can recur as many as 10 years later, and sometimes even longer than that.───不像其他大多數(shù)類型的癌癥，前列腺癌在十年后，或許時(shí)間還會(huì)更長些仍可能復(fù)發(fā)。

20 、Two themes recur throughout our discussion of welfare economics.───兩個(gè)主題再次出現(xiàn)在我們關(guān)于福利經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的討論中。

21 、He said he guaranteed the attention of server security, similar incidents will not recur.───他說他保證以后注意服務(wù)器安全,不再出現(xiàn)類似的事件。

22 、The same old favourites recur year in year out with monotonous regularity.───一些相同的老嗜好年復(fù)一年地以單調(diào)的規(guī)律重現(xiàn)。

23 、You have a recurring dream about overflowing toilets.─── 你總是在做一個(gè)廁所溢水的夢(mèng)

24 、To insure that this mishap did not recur, I securely mounted the model in its case.───為了確保這一事故沒有發(fā)生，我安全模式安裝在其案件。

25 、300's a recurring number in his history.─── 300這個(gè)數(shù)在歷史中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)

26 、New energy stocks double recur to bearish tendency───兩新能源概念股借勢(shì)股價(jià)翻倍

27 、Nearly all the important concepts and subjects of the poetry owned during this period recur or preview.───幾乎明、清兩代詩學(xué)所有重要的概念、話題都在此重演或預(yù)演過。

28 、In the larynx, this tumor displays an aggressive biologic behavior, it may recur and metas-tasize to various organs.The treatment of choice is wide resection.───喉部的惡性纖維性組織細(xì)胞瘤容易復(fù)發(fā)，且會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)移至身體其他器官，但頸部轉(zhuǎn)移則較少見。

29 、History will not recur, what recur is exactly a human natural instinct constantly.───歷史不會(huì)重演,不斷重演的卻正是人類的本性。

30 、I had this recurring dream that I have a finite amount of time.─── 我以前老是做這么一個(gè)夢(mèng) 夢(mèng)到我的生命快走到盡頭

31 、Your attitude to the advice of the psychiatrist will affect whether your nightmare recur or not.───你對(duì)心理醫(yī)生的忠告采取什么態(tài)度會(huì)影響到你的噩夢(mèng)是否再來。

32 、The influenza H1N1 virus was begin to recur in March,2005 in Ningbo,and gradually forms the preponderance in the same year in September.───H1N1亞型在2005年3月起在寧波市開始活動(dòng)加強(qiáng),同年9月起逐漸形成優(yōu)勢(shì)成為主要的流行株。

33 、Convulsions look terrifying, but they are rarely fatal unless they recur repeatedly.───驚厥看起來似乎可怕，但如果不反復(fù)發(fā)作，很少死亡。

34 、Patients who hae immunodeficiency hae infections that usually do not go away without using antibiotics and often recur within one or two weeks after antibiotic treatment is completed.───免疫缺陷的患者一旦感染，就應(yīng)使用抗生素治療，否則無法清除感染。通?？股刂委熃Y(jié)束一兩周后，感染復(fù)發(fā)。

35 、If we do not take such steps, our risk will surely increase, and explosions of rage, manipulated or spontaneous, will recur.───如果我們不采取這些步子，我們的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)肯定會(huì)增加，被人操縱或自發(fā)的憤怒將會(huì)重演。

36 、If we have a habit of thinking in a particular pattern, positive or negative, then these tendencies will be triggered and provoked very easily, and recur and go on recurring.───如果我們有某種思考習(xí)慣,不管正面或負(fù)面的,那么這些習(xí)慣就很容易被引發(fā)再犯。

37 、To state with confidence whether this event could recur, we would need to know why it happened.───想要滿懷信心地判斷這種事還會(huì)不會(huì)再次發(fā)生，我們還需要知道它為什么會(huì)發(fā)生。

38 、WANG CC,YAN FZ.The analyses of the recur of 46 examples after the surgery of thoracic wall tuberculosis[J].Chinese Journal of Surgery,1986,24:550.───[5]王暢春,閻鳳珍.胸壁結(jié)核術(shù)后復(fù)發(fā)46例分析[J].中華外科雜志,1986,24:550.

39 、But treatments do not always offer a definitive cure, and injuries can recur.───但這些治療方法也不一定能最終治好，并且這類損傷還會(huì)重復(fù)造成。

40 、With the same ideas and recur to certain chords with the special founction attribute in the modes, the article proposed the theoretic concept to the system of tonalities with alike bass.───在此思路的引導(dǎo)和啟發(fā)下，本文借助于調(diào)式中某些和弦特殊的功能屬性，提出關(guān)于“同低音調(diào)”體系的理論構(gòu)想。

41 、We have to recur to arms for guarding our national dignity.───為了捍衛(wèi)國家的尊嚴(yán)，我們不得不訴諸武力。

42 、Vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)is a kind of vulvovaginal inflammation caused by candida infection,which has high incidence and easy to recur.───外陰**念珠菌病是由念珠菌感染引起的常見的外陰**炎癥,發(fā)病率很高,且治療后極易復(fù)發(fā)。

43 、To recur or visit often, especially as a ghost.───尤指鬼魂重回或常去

44 、Except for has not get enough course of take medicine, the recur of nephritic syndrome (NS) has also relate with NS' nature and inclined resistance to disease and infection.───小兒腎病綜合征復(fù)發(fā)的原因除服藥周期未達(dá)到足夠的療程外,還與腎病本身和治療用藥導(dǎo)致的抵抗力下降、并發(fā)感染有關(guān)。

45 、What do you want to make it recur?───如果你能選擇的話，你希望讓什么重現(xiàn)？

46 、an adjustment that causes something to occur or recur in unison.───促使其同時(shí)發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)的調(diào)整。

47 、The builder recur to the matter of the cost of remodel our house.───建筑商重新提起改建我們房子的費(fèi)用問題。

48 、When most people play poker, they tend to expect that which has recently occurred to recur.───當(dāng)大多數(shù)的人玩撲克牌的時(shí)候，他們?nèi)菀灼诖切﹦偝霈F(xiàn)的牌再現(xiàn)。

49 、The malignant tumor does not recur .───惡性腫瘤沒有復(fù)發(fā)。

50 、Treatment over 15 Cases of Recur Hepatolenticular Degeneration with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine───中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療復(fù)發(fā)性肝豆?fàn)詈俗冃?5例

51 、Patient: Not so good . The bleeding is more severe than usual and the attacks of pain recur every 7 to 10 minutes.───患者：不太好。出血增多了，而且陣發(fā)*腹痛，每7到10分鐘1次。

52 、Authorization for such use shall be liable,subject to adequate protection of the legitimate interests of the persons so authorized,to be terminated if and when the circumstances which led to it cease to exist and are unlikely to recur.───在適當(dāng)保護(hù)被授權(quán)使用人之合法利益的前提下，一旦導(dǎo)致授權(quán)的情況不復(fù)存在，又很難再發(fā)生，則應(yīng)中止該使用的授權(quán)。

53 、Sodium dimercaptosuccinate, BAL-glucoside, and BAL could also antagonize the carcinostatic action of Sb-71, but its therapeutic effect could recur when the dose level was increased with the exception of BAL.───二巰基丁二酸鈉,BAL-glucoside和BAL也可對(duì)抗Sb-71對(duì)Ehrlich腹水瘤的抑制作用;

54 、His leg is gimpy, so he has to recur to crutch when walking.───他的一條腿跛了，走路借助于拐杖。

55 、Inevitably, bugs are fixed in one copy but not the other, leaving you scratching your head when the symptoms of the error recur.───不可避免地,錯(cuò)誤在一個(gè)副本中被修正了,而在另一個(gè)副本中沒有被修正,這樣在錯(cuò)誤癥狀復(fù)發(fā)時(shí)就會(huì)讓您很頭疼。

56 、The noble qualities and deeds of Kong Fansen often recur to me.───孔繁森的崇高品質(zhì)和事跡 經(jīng)常在我腦海里再現(xiàn).

57 、Because doctors can't tell which ones will recur, all DCIS patients are treated with lumpectomy, usually followed by radiation, or mastectomy, in which the whole breast is removed.───因?yàn)獒t(yī)生不能分辨哪些國家將重現(xiàn)，所有DCIS的病人在治療腫塊切除，通常其次是輻射，或者乳房切除術(shù)，在這整個(gè)乳房被除去。

58 、The realization of Chinese political modernization must recur to the impact of outside forces and effective inside conformity".───中國政治現(xiàn)代化的實(shí)現(xiàn)，必須借助于外力撞擊并進(jìn)行有效的內(nèi)部整合。

59 、My headaches are so-called migraines which recur all the time.───我的頭痛又叫偏頭痛,老是不停發(fā)作。

60 、Recur to the information of chart and logistics, people will have a flat roof to get the information, and they will know the quantity and the location information of cargo.───借助于海圖信息和物流信息以及網(wǎng)絡(luò),可以為人們提供更好的平臺(tái)。

61 、My grandmother s illness is likely to recur.───我奶奶的病有可能再復(fù)發(fā)。

62 、Crowd mentality changes slowly, and price patterns recur, albeit with variations.───大眾的智力變化慢，價(jià)格的模式會(huì)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，但有所不同。

63 、Therefore there is much instructive significance and practical value for study desertification to achieve man-made desert environment recur to environment simulation technology.───因此,運(yùn)用環(huán)境模擬技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)沙漠環(huán)境的人工再現(xiàn),對(duì)研究和解決沙漠化問題有著重要的指導(dǎo)意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。

64 、The hospital lab confirmed that his tumor was benign. Although there remained a slight chance that the growth might recur, the odds were much greater that his immune system would destroy it.───醫(yī)院實(shí)驗(yàn)室確定他被摘除的腫瘤是良性的、盡管還有很小的復(fù)發(fā)的可能，但他的免疫系統(tǒng)會(huì)摧毀它的可能性更大。

65 、Once this disease is contracted, one can never be really carefree again, for the fever without an instant's warning, can recur at any moment.───一旦染上這病，你再也不能無憂無慮了，因?yàn)檫@種高熱沒有絲毫預(yù)兆，任何時(shí)候都可能復(fù)發(fā)。

66 、The consequences of this are that this should NOT recur if I prevent interturn shorting or movement.───后果，這是由于這不應(yīng)該再發(fā)生，如果我阻止間短路或運(yùn)動(dòng)。

67 、We can't create the miracle. But we can only learn to believe that someday the brightness will recur.───奇跡是不能被設(shè)定的。但我們?cè)搶W(xué)會(huì)相信,相信光明終會(huì)重現(xiàn)。

68 、Of course, many problems recur at various periods.───當(dāng)然，有許多問題會(huì)在不同的時(shí)期反復(fù)提出。

69 、Where there is a choice, it is better to err on the side of leniency, but we should be more severe if the problems recur.───對(duì)過去的錯(cuò)誤，處理可寬可嚴(yán)的，可以從寬；對(duì)今后發(fā)生的問題，要嚴(yán)些。

70 、The woeful experience of the 1980s, when unemployment kept on rising for so long, is unlikely to recur.───失業(yè)率持續(xù)長時(shí)間上升，這一上世紀(jì)80年代的悲慘局面不太可能重演。

71 、Me, too. It recurred about six months ago.─── 我也是 六個(gè)月前復(fù)發(fā)的

72 、I genuinely used to have a recurring nightmare about that.─── 我以前經(jīng)常不斷做這種惡夢(mèng)

73 、I used to have this really weird recurring dream.─── 我過去有個(gè)很奇怪的 會(huì)重復(fù)的夢(mèng)

74 、A documented procedure shall be established to define requirements for evaluating the need for action to ensure that nonconformities do not recur.───應(yīng)編制形成文件的程序以規(guī)定評(píng)價(jià)確保不合格不再發(fā)生的措施的需求等方面的要求.

75 、The recur reason, prevent and therapy of nephritic syndrome in children───小兒腎病綜合征復(fù)發(fā)原因及防治

76 、Then the dissertation founds the model of integration between urban public transport system and land use, and evaluates the model recur to the method of analytic hierarch process.───在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了城市公共交通系統(tǒng)與土地利用的一體化模型，并引入層次分析法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)；

77 、Patient: Not so good. The bleeding is more severe than usual and the attacks of pain recur every 7 to 10 minutes.───患者：不太好。出血增多了，而且陣發(fā)性腹痛，每7到10分鐘1次。

78 、You have a blood type and a recurring nightmare.─── 你有血型 還有反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的噩夢(mèng)

79 、Does history/the past repeat itself? ie Do similar events or situations recur?───歷史[過去的事件]還會(huì)重演嗎? （類似的事情或情況還會(huì)發(fā)生嗎?）

80 、Once these approaches and techniques are mastered, the original text will recur accurately in the targeted text.───只有掌握詞語的互譯方法和技巧才能更準(zhǔn)確地再現(xiàn)原文。

81 、Right before the inappropriate practice of non-compliance is necessary to resolutely carry out rectification, while taking effective measures to prevent future recur.───對(duì)之前不恰當(dāng)、不合規(guī)的做法要堅(jiān)決進(jìn)行整改，同時(shí)采取有力措施杜絕今后不再發(fā)生。

82 、The nation may have to recur to unusual methods of controlling rising prices.───國家可能不得不采取控制物價(jià)繼續(xù)上漲的非常措施。

83 、His illness is likely to recur.───他的病可能復(fù)發(fā)。

84 、In contrast with Qian Xiyan's stories, it includes more of the elements of the interrupted suicide narrative that recur in the Qianlong era and later.───和錢希言的故事不同，它包含了乾隆朝即此后受阻自殺鬼敘述的更多本質(zhì)因素。

85 、In evaluating the need for actions to ensure that nonconformities do not recur, the organization should consider providing appropriate training for people assigned to corrective-action projects.───為了評(píng)價(jià)糾正措施的需求，以確保不合格不再重復(fù)發(fā)生，組織應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮對(duì)指定的執(zhí)行糾正措施項(xiàng)目的人員提供適當(dāng)?shù)呐嘤?xùn)。

86 、Any problem as yet unsettled that tends to recur in your thoughts during the day is suitable subject.───當(dāng)天的任何問題，只要是揮之不去、猶疑不定的，即是最好的應(yīng)用題材。

87 、You must select at least one day on which you want the appointment to recur.───您必須為約會(huì)選擇至少一個(gè)重復(fù)日期。

88 、there's a possibility that you'll be reused and your character will recur.─── 有可能你會(huì)被重新啟用 你的角色可能會(huì)復(fù)活

89 、A stronger framework is needed to ensure that tragedies like the one in Abidjan do not recur.───同時(shí)還必須加強(qiáng)國際框架的建設(shè)，確保阿比讓的悲劇不再發(fā)生。

90 、Because the intertwining had occurred between energy flows within the sun, it caused a pattern of intertwining to recur between planets and stars outside of the sun's dream.───因?yàn)檫@個(gè)纏繞是發(fā)生在大中樞太陽里的能量流中，所以，它造成了一個(gè)纏繞模式在大中樞太陽夢(mèng)想外的行星恒星之間再次發(fā)生。

英語教學(xué)有哪些流派？

英語教學(xué)最新流派：思維導(dǎo)讀法

學(xué)習(xí)英語最高效的方法，毫無疑問是從建立個(gè)人專屬的英語思維開始的。

這一點(diǎn)我們可以從中文的學(xué)習(xí)順序中側(cè)面證明：中文學(xué)習(xí)的起步分三個(gè)階段。

1. 從出生到開口說話，是中文思維的形成。

2. 2-4歲是中文表達(dá)能力的形成。

3. 4歲以后進(jìn)入學(xué)校，是中文讀寫能力訓(xùn)練的開始。

由此，我們可以明了，語言的學(xué)習(xí)順序是由思維能力到表達(dá)能力，再到讀寫能力。其中的思維能力的形成首當(dāng)其沖。從思維能力入手英語，得到的結(jié)果跟學(xué)母語是一樣快捷，一樣方便的。

真理往往是最簡單的。思維應(yīng)該是最基本的形態(tài)、最簡單的邏輯。簡單到在母語學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)不用教，在外語訓(xùn)練中能看到，這樣才是真正的理解思維。

英語思維在教學(xué)中一直是一個(gè)偽命題，說的多做的少，原因是因?yàn)榍腥氲囊暯遣粚?duì)，操作的方案繁瑣。對(duì)思維的定義與定型，完全不是母語方式的潛移默化，無師自通，來得全不費(fèi)工夫。而是不能入門、難以琢磨、無法參悟的敲邊鼓和瞎起哄。

我們有簡單易學(xué)的英語思維課程，可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)讓學(xué)習(xí)者超越語法，構(gòu)筑信仰，順利底走向英語工具化學(xué)習(xí)的正確方向，做到用簡單規(guī)范復(fù)雜，用不變擁抱變化。

課程核心：八個(gè)字搞定語法，四個(gè)詞掃蕩思維。

歡迎大家圍觀公眾號(hào)：極簡英語思維

英語教學(xué)有哪些流派？

英語教學(xué)主要流派有：

① 語法翻譯法(Grammar Translation Method)

The Grammar Translation Method: A method of language or second language teaching which makes use of translation and grammar study as the main teaching and learning activities. A typical lesson consists of the presentation of a grammatical rule, a study of lists of vocabulary, and a translation exercise.

語法翻譯法外語或第二語言教學(xué)的一種方法，以翻譯和語法學(xué)習(xí)為主要的教學(xué)活動(dòng)。典型的一堂課由介紹語法規(guī)則、學(xué)習(xí)詞匯表和翻譯練習(xí)組成。

② 直接法(Direct Method)

The Direct Method: A method of foreign or second language teaching which insists that (a) only the target language should be used in class (b) meanings should be communicated “directly” (hence the name of the method) by associating speech forms with actions , objects , mime , gestures , and situations (c) reading and writing should be taught only after speaking (d) grammar rules should not be taught to the learners

直接法 直接教學(xué)法: 外語或第二語言的一種教學(xué)方，這種方法要求（a）課堂上應(yīng)該只使用目的語（b）意思應(yīng)該通過將語言和動(dòng)作、物體、模仿、手勢(shì)及情景結(jié)合起來直接表達(dá)出來（這是這種方法名稱由來）（c）讀、寫 、應(yīng)該在說之后教（d.）不應(yīng)該向?qū)W生教語法。

③ 聽說法(Audio-lingual Method)

Audio-Lingual Method: A method of foreign or second language teaching which (a) emphasizes the teaching of speaking and listening before reading and writing (b) uses dialogues and drills (c) discourage use of the mother tongue in the classroom (d) often makes use of contrastive analysis. The audio-lingual method was prominent in the 1950s and 1960s, especially in the United States, and has been widely used in many other parts of the world.

聽說法：外語或第二語言教學(xué)的一種方法，這種方法：（a）強(qiáng)調(diào)先教聽說，后教讀寫（b）運(yùn)用對(duì)話和操練（c）反對(duì)在課堂上使用母語（d）常利用對(duì)比分析。聽說法的應(yīng)用在五、六十年代，特別是在美國，尤其突出，它已被其他國家廣泛采用。

④ 口語教學(xué)法（The Oral Approach) 情景法(又叫視聽法) The Situational Approach (Audio-Visual Method)

The Oral Approach (or Situational Language Teaching) refers to an approach to language teaching developed by British applied linguistics from the 1930s to the 1960s. it is a grammar-based method in which principles of grammatical and lexical gradation are used and new teaching points presented and practiced through meaningful situation-based activities.

口語教學(xué)法（又叫情景教學(xué)法），指的是英國實(shí)用語言學(xué)家于二十世紀(jì)30年代到60年代發(fā)展起來的一種語言教學(xué)方法。此法是以語法為基礎(chǔ)的教學(xué)法，語法與詞匯按難易程度分層次教學(xué)，新的語言點(diǎn)通過有意義的情景活動(dòng)得到展示與練習(xí)。

⑤ 認(rèn)知法(Cognitive Approach）

The Cognitive Approach (or the cognitive-code method/learning) is an approach to foreign language teaching which is based on the belief that language learning is a process which involves active method processes and not simply the forming of habits. It lays emphasis on the conscious acquisition of language as a meaningful system.

認(rèn)知法（也稱認(rèn)知-符號(hào)法/認(rèn)知-符號(hào)學(xué)習(xí)理論）是一種外語教學(xué)法，它認(rèn)為語言學(xué)習(xí)是一種積極的心智活動(dòng)過程，而不是簡單的習(xí)慣形成過程。認(rèn)知法認(rèn)為語言是一個(gè)有意義的系統(tǒng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)在理解的基礎(chǔ)上有意義的學(xué)習(xí)語言。

⑥ 交際法 (communicatIve Approach)

The Communicative Approach is an approach to foreign or second language teaching which emphasizes that the goal of language learning is communicative competence. The communicative approach has been developed particularly by British applied linguists as a reaction away from grammar-based approaches such as the aural-oral approach. Teaching materials used with a communicative approach often (a) teach the language needed to express and understand different kinds of functions such as requesting, describing, expressing likes and dislikes, etc. (b) are based on a communicatively organized syllabus (c) emphasize the processes of communication, such as using language appropriately in different types of situations; using language to perform different kinds of tasks, e.g. to solve puzzles, to get information, etc.; using language for social interaction with other people.

交際法是外語或第二語言的一種教學(xué)理論，它強(qiáng)調(diào)交際能力是語言學(xué)習(xí)的目標(biāo)。交際法主要由英國應(yīng)用語言學(xué)家創(chuàng)立，與以語法為基礎(chǔ)的教學(xué)理論如聽說法相對(duì)而言。交際法所采用的教學(xué)材料：(a)教學(xué)表達(dá)和理解不同功能所需要的語言，如請(qǐng)求、描寫、表示喜惡等 (b)以從交際角度編寫的教學(xué)大綱為基礎(chǔ) (c)強(qiáng)調(diào)交際過程，如不同的場合下恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂谜Z言；運(yùn)用語言執(zhí)行各項(xiàng)任務(wù)，如解決問題，獲得信息等；運(yùn)用語言與人們進(jìn)行社交。

⑦ 全身反應(yīng)法(Total Physical Response)

Total Physical Response (TPR) is a language teaching method built around the coordination of speech and action; it attempts to teach language through physical activity.TPR reflects a grammar-based view of language. Asher states that “most of the grammatical structure of the target language and hundreds of vocabulary items can be learned from the skillful use of the imperative(祈使句) by the instructor”.

全身反應(yīng)法：倡導(dǎo)把語言和行為聯(lián)系在一起，通過身體動(dòng)作教授外語。特點(diǎn): 讓第二語言進(jìn)入學(xué)生的右半腦；以"聽-做動(dòng)作"為主要教學(xué)組織形式；教授的語言形式以祈使句為主，帶動(dòng)其他句型；對(duì)學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤采取寬容的態(tài)度。

⑧任務(wù)性教學(xué)法(Task-based Language Teaching )

The Task-Based Language Teaching Approach: The concept of task is central to many theories of classroom teaching and learning, and the school curriculum is sometimes described as a collection of tasks. From this viewpoint, school work is defined by a core of basic tasks that recur across different subjects in the curriculum. The teacher’s choice of tasks determines learning goals, how learning is to take place, and how the results of learning will be demonstrated. In second language teaching, the use of different kinds of tasks is said to make teaching more communicative since it provides a purpose for a classroom activity which goes beyond the practice of language for its own sake.

任務(wù)型語言教學(xué)理論：任務(wù)這一概念是許多課堂教學(xué)理論的中心問題，學(xué)校課程有時(shí)被說成是一系列的任務(wù)。從這一角度上說，體現(xiàn)在課程中不同科目里的基本任務(wù)規(guī)定學(xué)校作業(yè)的內(nèi)容。教師對(duì)任務(wù)的選擇決定學(xué)習(xí)的目標(biāo)、學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)行的方式以及學(xué)習(xí)成果的表現(xiàn)方式。第二語言教學(xué)中，各種不同任務(wù)的選用據(jù)說能促進(jìn)教學(xué)中的交際，其原因是他為課堂活動(dòng)設(shè)立了目標(biāo)，不僅僅是為了練習(xí)語言而練習(xí)語言。