?monogamy

monogamy發(fā)音

[mɔ'nɔgəmi]

英：　　美：

monogamy中文意思翻譯

n.一夫一妻制

monogamy詞形變化

名詞: monogamist | 副詞: monogamously | 形容詞: monogamous |

monogamy同義詞

faithful | steady | married | exclusive | committed | one-to-one

monogamy反義詞

polygamous

monogamy常見例句

1 、introduction of monogamy───一夫一妻制的引進(jìn)

2 、Like penguins, wolves practice serial monogamy, meaning they can have several mates throughout a lifetime, but only one at a time.───和企鵝一樣，狼會在不同階段有不同的伴侶，這意味著它們一生會有多個伴侶，但一個階段只有一個。

3 、The American system of consanguinity, which appears purely nonsensical in any form of family based on any variety of monogamy, finds, down to the smallest details, its rational explanation and its natural foundation in the punaluan family.───美洲的親屬制度，在以某種個體婚制為基礎(chǔ)的任何家庭形式下，看來都是極其荒誕的事情，現(xiàn)在它在普那路亞家庭中，連最細(xì)微的地方，都獲得了合理的解釋和自然的根據(jù)。

4 、For this purpose, the monogamy of the woman was required, not that of the man, so this monogamy of the woman did not in any way interfere with open or concealed polygamy on the part of the man.───為此，就需要妻子方面的一夫一妻制，而不是丈夫方面的一夫一妻制，所以這種妻子方面的一夫一妻制根本不妨礙丈夫的公開的或秘密的多偶制。

5 、In Yuan dynasty, monogamy and polygamy coexist. People at that time paid special attention to the content and form of marriage certificate.───元代婚姻實行一夫一妻和一夫多妻并存,在婚姻成立的要件與締結(jié)制度中,特別注重婚書的內(nèi)容與形式的撰寫;

6 、Honestly, I think we have cracked monogamy.─── 講真 我們好像找到了一夫一妻制的訣竅

7 、A great blow to conservatism was dealt by legislation in 1955 and 1956 that gave full rights of inheritance to widows and daughters, enforced monogamy, and permitted divorce on quite easy terms.───一股極大的保守主義風(fēng)氣在1955年和1956年已經(jīng)被法律所處理，給予了**和女兒充分的遺產(chǎn)繼承權(quán)，強(qiáng)迫一夫一妻制，以十分優(yōu)待的辦法來允許離婚。

8 、Prostitution disappears; monogamy, instead of collapsing, at last becomes a reality -- also for men.───**將要消失，而一夫一妻制不僅不會終止其存在，而且最后對于男子也將成為現(xiàn)實。

9 、We are now approaching a social revolution in which the economic foundations of monogamy as they have existed hitherto will disappear just as surely as those of its complement-prostitution.───但是，我們現(xiàn)在正在走向一種社會變革，那時，一夫一妻制的迄今存在的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)，正像它的補(bǔ)充物即**的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)一樣，不可避免地都要消失。

10 、And, thirdly, women were greatly respected among the Germans, and also influential in public affairs, which is in direct contradiction to the supremacy of men in monogamy.───第三，在德意志人中間，婦女享有很大的尊敬并且對公共事務(wù)也有很大的影響，這同一夫一妻制所特有的男子統(tǒng)治是直接矛盾的。

11 、But here all the foundations of typical monogamy are cleared away.───不過，在這里，古典的一夫一妻制的全部基礎(chǔ)也就除去了。

12 、Most women benefit from polygyny, while most men benefit from monogamy───大多數(shù)女性從一夫多妻中獲益,而大多數(shù)男性從一夫一妻制中獲益

13 、marriage system in Qin Kingdom was composed of ranking polygamy for royal family and monogamy for common people.───秦國婚姻制度包括王室嫡庶妻等級婚制和庶民一夫一妻婚制。

14 、Because of that reason, monogamy's not possible for you, which is great.─── 因此 你不可能只有一個伴侶 這很棒

15 、The monogamy uses marital form to make sexual spouse is secured relatively.───一夫一妻制用婚姻的形式使**相對固定下來。

16 、There prevailed among them a form of monogamy easily terminable on both sides, which Morgan calls the "pairing family."───在易洛魁人中間盛行的，是一種雙方可以輕易解除的個體婚制，摩爾根把它稱為“對偶家庭”。

17 、As hetaerism and prostitution dog the heels of monogamy, so from now onwards mortgage dogs the heels of private land ownership.───像雜婚和**緊緊跟著一夫一妻制而來一樣，如今抵押也緊緊跟著土地所有權(quán)而來了。

18 、This is the origin of monogamy as far as we can trace it back among the most civilized and highly developed people of antiquity.───根據(jù)我們對古代最文明﹑最發(fā)達(dá)的民族所能作的考察，一夫一妻制的起源就是如此。

19 、For the period of savagery, group marriage; for barbarism, pairing marriage; for civilization, monogamy, supplemented by adultery and prostitution.───群婚制是與蒙昧?xí)r代相適應(yīng)的，對偶婚制是與野蠻時代相適應(yīng)的，以通奸和**為補(bǔ)充的一夫一妻制是與文明時代相適應(yīng)的。

20 、A named exception to the rule of monogamy.─── 一夫一妻制規(guī)則的命名例外

21 、I will only observe that Fourier already regards monogamy and private property in land as the chief characteristics of civilization, and that he calls civilization a war of the rich against the poor.───現(xiàn)在我只想說明，傅立葉已經(jīng)把一夫一妻制和土地所有制作為文明時代的主要特征，他把文明時代叫作富人對窮人的戰(zhàn)爭。

22 、There has to be a difference between monogamy and monotony.─── 一夫一妻制和單調(diào)乏味之間肯定有區(qū)別

23 、Investigators have long known the gene that controls the hormone vasopressin is responsible for monogamy in prairie voles, small animals common in the grasslands of North America.───研究人員很早就知道，這種基因不僅控制抗利尿激素，也能使草原田鼠這種北美草原常見的小動物保持一夫一妻。

24 、While at 30, he insists in monogamy because he realizes that woman is pretty a trouble.───30歲的時候，覺得女人是很麻煩的動物，一個都已經(jīng)很難招呼。

25 、No, it's like polyamory, but with monogamy.─── 不是 跟一夫多妻差不多 但又是一夫一妻的

26 、I believe that trust is more important than monogamy───我相信信任遠(yuǎn)比制度更為重要

27 、Woman wants monogamy; Man delights in novelty.───女人希望一夫一妻；男人總是樂見新奇。

28 、The feudalistic monogamy is realized in the farmer’s family.───封建一夫一妻制在農(nóng)民家庭得到實現(xiàn)。

29 、No. It's because monogamy It isn't natural.─── 不 是因爲(wèi)一夫一妻制 它太不人道了

30 、I just don't know if I'm capable of monogamy.─── 可我不知道自己能不能接受一夫一妻

31 、It was as consuming as monogamy.───他與初戀一樣那么強(qiáng)烈。

32 、Marriage in the United States tends to look more like serial monogamy than lifetime partnership, espe- cially in the major cities.───美國的婚姻更像是系列婚姻，而不是終身伴侶，尤其是在大城市。

33 、that far into the period of monogamy, with its certain or at least acknowledge daternity, the female line was still alone recognized;───女系的這種獨特的意義，在父親的身分已經(jīng)確定或至少已被承認(rèn)的個體婚制時代，還保存了很久；

34 、Bachofen is also perfectly right when he consistently maintains that the transition from what he calls "Hetaerism" or "Sumpfzeugung" to monogamy was brought about primarily through the women.───其次，巴霍芬堅決地斷定，從他所說的“雜婚制”或“污泥生殖”向個體婚制的過渡，主要是由婦女所完成，這是絕對正確的。

35 、“ I have a certain amount of disgust for monogamy.───”（：潛臺詞應(yīng)該是，只許州官放火，難道就不許百姓點燈么?

36 、Only the step from pairing marriage to monogamy can be put down to the credit of the men, and historically the essence of this was to make the position of the women worse and the infidelities of the men easier.───只有由對偶婚制向一夫一妻制的進(jìn)步才應(yīng)男子歸功于婦女； 在歷史上，后一進(jìn)步實質(zhì)上是使婦女地位惡化，而便利了男子的不忠實。

37 、Better, she reckons, to take a lesson from the French, who believe that monogamy is optimal, enjoy the lapses when they happen but try not to escalate them, and never, ever, confront a spouse for cheating.───她認(rèn)為：最好向法國人取經(jīng)，法國人相信一夫一妻是最理想的，當(dāng)墮落發(fā)生時盡力享受但決不升級，任何時候都不要因為欺騙去與配偶對抗。

38 、King Qi lived the period of Yushun and Dayu when monogamy was prevailing, the marriage system of Shang's people was also monogamy in King Qi's period.───摘要契生活于虞舜、大禹時代，虞舜大禹時實行的婚姻制度是一夫一妻制，契時商族婚制也是一夫一妻制。

39 、The form of family corresponding to civilization and coming to definite supremacy with it is monogamy, the domination of the man over the woman, and the single family as the economic unit of society.───與文明時代相適應(yīng)并隨著它而徹底確立了自己的統(tǒng)治地位的家庭形式是一夫一妻制、男子對婦女的統(tǒng)治，以及作為社會經(jīng)濟(jì)單位的個體家庭。

40 、And when, with the preponderance of private over communal property and the interest in its bequeathal, father-right and monogamy gained supremacy, the dependence of marriages on economic considerations became complete.───當(dāng)父權(quán)制和一夫一妻制隨著私有財產(chǎn)的份量超過共同財產(chǎn)以及隨著對繼承權(quán)的關(guān)切而占了統(tǒng)治地位的時候，婚姻的締結(jié)便完全依經(jīng)濟(jì)上的考慮為轉(zhuǎn)移了。

41 、before we go on to monogamy ,which developed rapidly with the overthrow of mother-right,a few words about polygyny and polyandry .───在說到隨著母權(quán)制的覆滅而迅速發(fā)展起來的一夫一妻制以前,我們再就多妻制和多夫制說幾句話。

42 、Before we go on to monogamy, which developed rapidly with the overthrow of mother-right, a few words about polygyny and polyandry.───在說到隨著母權(quán)制的覆滅而迅速發(fā)展起來的一夫一妻制以前，我們再就多妻制和多夫制說幾句話。

43 、If serial monogamy is the norm, even if individuals have many partners over time, the virus is trapped within relationships and gets around slowly.───如果人們的一夫一妻婚姻是短暫且連續(xù)的，即便是一個人先后有不同的**，那么艾滋病毒也會局限在一個小圈子里傳播。

44 、Until genetic analysis became cheap enough for ornithologists4 to employ routinely, it was believed that this monogamy implied fidelity5, and that the nestlings6 fed so assiduously7 by the male in such a partnership were, indeed, his.───在基因分析變得很便宜使鳥類學(xué)家能經(jīng)常采用之前，人們一直相信，一雄一雌配對意味著忠誠，并且這樣配對的雄鳥如此勤奮喂養(yǎng)的雛鳥當(dāng)然是自己的后代。

45 、The basic principles of the marriage mainly involve: the monogamy(the usual practice of many concubines), the ban of the marriage for the couple with the same family name, the command of parents and the introduction from the matchmaker.───婚姻的基本原則主要有:一夫一妻制(多妾制),同姓不婚和“父母之命”、“媒妁之言”。

46 、Quite the contrary is ture,for in most, if not all,so-called polygamous societies monogamy is statistically the prevailing form.───參考譯文：恰恰相反是正確的，因為在大多數(shù)情況中，如果不是全部，那么所謂的一夫多妻制社會一夫一妻制在數(shù)字統(tǒng)計上是占有優(yōu)勢的。

47 、"I'm into monogamy," says Portman. "But I'm not really into marriage right now. I sort of hate the legal aspect of i...───柏林**節(jié)的尾聲，高潮被兩個美國女孩的一個香吻，輕輕巧巧的就掀了起來。

48 、examples of faithful monogamy among birds prove nothing about man, for the simple reason that men are not descended from birds.───在鳥類中存在的牢固的一夫一妻制的例子，對于人類絲毫不能有所證明，因為人類并非起源于鳥類。

49 、And, finally, have we not seen that in the modern world monogamy and prostitution are indeed contradictions, but inseparable contradictions, poles of the same state of society?───最后，難道我們沒有看見，在現(xiàn)代世界上一夫一妻制和**雖然是對立物，卻是不可分離的對立物，是同一社會秩序的兩極嗎?

50 、We both believe that monogamy is an unnatural expectation.─── 我們都認(rèn)為一夫一妻制度 很不正常的制度

51 、How monogamy fares during this epoch, therefore, only occupies him very briefly.───所以，他只是非常簡單地論述了一下一夫一妻制在這一時期的命運。

52 、Thus monogamy is the right choice for mankind.. so be it.───做個男孩兒當(dāng)你的朋友肯定會容易得多。

53 、But what will quite certainly disappear from monogamy are all the features stamped upon it through its origin in property relations; these are, in the first place, supremacy of the man, and, secondly, indissolubility.───但是，一夫一妻制完全肯定地將要失掉的東西就是，它因起源于財產(chǎn)關(guān)系而被烙上的全部特征，這些特征就是：第一，男子的統(tǒng)治，第二，婚姻的不可離異性。

54 、The form of marriage, as already said, was a pairing marriage which was gradually approaching monogamy.───如前所述，婚姻的形式是逐漸接近一夫一妻制的對偶婚制。

55 、three must be consistent with monogamy.───三、必須符合一夫一妻制。

56 、that this custom did not disappear without leaving its traces in the limited surrender which was the price women had to pay for the right to monogamy;───他證明，這種習(xí)俗在消失的時候留下了一種痕跡，即婦女要獲得個體婚的權(quán)利，必須在一定限度內(nèi)獻(xiàn)身于別的男子作為代價；

57 、FROM an evolutionary perspective, monogamy looks good for females and bad for males.───從進(jìn)化的角度來講，單配制有利于雌性，而對雄性卻不然。

58 、They have these dumb ideas of monogamy and parenthood and owning stuff, ideas that I have long outgrown and realized aren't what I want or who I am.───他們只對關(guān)于一夫一妻制，父母身份，個人所有物之類的事有些無知的想法，這些想法是我早前就已經(jīng)超 越的了，我發(fā)覺這些不是關(guān)于我想要什么或我是誰的想法。

59 、sequential monogamy───時序性一夫一妻制

60 、I wondered in a city like this, with it's infinite possibilities, has monogamy become too much to expect?───我在想，在這樣充滿無限可能的城市，一夫一妻制是不是已經(jīng)變成一種奢求了呢？

61 、A marriage system based on the free choice of partners, on monogamy and on equality between man and woman shall be applied.───第二條實行婚姻自由、一夫一妻、男女平等的婚姻制度。

62 、Bigamy is having one wife too many. Monogamy is the same.───多妻制的問題就是妻子太多，一妻制也是。

63 、To the men of the mortal, monogamy means impotence, bigamy means corpulence, and polygamy means beasts. (UTOYXC───對于塵世的男人來說，沒有情人是廢物，有了情人才算人物，情人太多又變成動物。（歌詞）

64 、Between pairing marriage and monogamy intervenes a period in the upper stage of barbarism when men have female slaves at their command and polygamy is practiced.───在野蠻時代高級階段，在對偶婚制和一夫一妻制之間，**入了男子對**隸的統(tǒng)治和多妻制。

65 、And I require a wife who understands those my sexual commands may entail abundance than strict adITence to monogamy.───我還期望有那樣唯一老婆，她對我在性需求方面估計不會老老實實地嚴(yán)格遵守一夫一妻制能夠表達(dá)理解。

66 、No sign allows us to conclude that a higher form of family developed here, or that there was ever permanent monogamy anywhere in America prior to its discovery and conquest.───沒有任何跡象可以使我們作出結(jié)論說，在美洲曾經(jīng)發(fā)展起更高級的家庭形式，或者在美洲被發(fā)現(xiàn)和被征服以前，在這里的什么地方曾經(jīng)存在過嚴(yán)格的一夫一妻制。

67 、And I want a wife who understands that my sexual needs may entail more than strict adherence to monogamy.───我還希望有這樣一個老婆，她對我在性需求方面可能不會老老實實地嚴(yán)格遵守一夫一妻制能夠表示理解。

68 、You do not want to monogamy two female ah, I told you, out of the question.───你是不是想一夫二女啊,我告訴你,沒門。

69 、“Male monogamy remains an elusive,yet much mythologized practice throughout the world.”───對于男人來說一夫一妻制一直是種難以解釋的神奇的文化現(xiàn)象。

70 、Anglerfish This deep-sea fish takes monogamy to a bizarre new level.───琵琶魚生活在深海中的琵琶魚有十分奇特的一夫一妻制。

71 、12. Bigamy is having one wife too many. Monogamy is the same.───犯重婚醉就是老婆太多，其實娶一個老婆也會嫌多。

72 、Under monogamy, they can monopolize the wealthiest men;───在一夫一妻制度下，她們就能獨占最富有的男性；

73 、Monogamy guarantees that every man can find a wife.───一夫多妻保證了每位男性都能找到一名妻子。

74 、At present the phenomenon of bigamy has increased day by day.It is a strong impact to the monogamy marriage family system which has existed for many years.───目前我國重婚現(xiàn)象日益增多,這是對多年來形成的以一夫一妻制為核心的婚姻家庭制度的一種強(qiáng)烈沖擊,這些現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重的影響到了家庭的穩(wěn)固,給社會也帶來了一些不穩(wěn)定因素。

75 、In monogamy, a single male pairs with a single female.───在一夫一妻制下，一個男性只能和一個女性配對。

76 、That's why I have to stop criticising committed monogamy.─── 所以我不能再批評忠誠的一夫一妻制了

77 、even if this marriage depends solely on my own circumstances or passion or wish, I am involving all humanity in monogamy ~ and not merely myself.───即使我所說的婚姻完全取決于我個人的情況、 感情或愿望，我也涉及所有實行一夫一妻制的人，而不僅僅是我自己。

78 、Having arisen from economic causes, will monogamy then disappear when these causes disappear?───可是，既然一夫一妻制是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)的原因而產(chǎn)生的，那么當(dāng)這種原因消失的時候，它是不是也要消失呢?

79 、Our country law sets a monogamy, the sexual life between husband and wife is protected by law, it is proper, divide all sexual life are illegal beyond this and shocking.───我國法律規(guī)定一夫一妻制，夫妻間的性生活是受到法律保護(hù)的，是正當(dāng)?shù)?，除此以外一切性生活都是非法的和不正?dāng)?shù)摹?/p>

80 、Here there is no property, for the preservation and inheritance of which monogamy and male supremacy were established;───在這里沒有任何財產(chǎn)，而一夫一妻制和男子的統(tǒng)治原是為了保存和繼承財產(chǎn)而建立的；

81 、Also, this study proposes that circumcising the male population and advocating monogamy would be more effective in those regions of Africa that have been the hardest hit with AIDS.───另外，這個研究提出在南非那些曾受艾滋病打擊最嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)對男子行割禮和倡導(dǎo)一夫一妻制會更有效。

82 、The evolvement of game and monogamy───博弈與一夫一妻婚姻制度的演變

83 、The feudal monogamy is realized in the farmer’s family.The marriage of the capitalism is controlled by undisguised money.───奴隸社會奴隸主家庭實行夫權(quán)、父權(quán)的絕對統(tǒng)治，奴隸沒有婚姻關(guān)系。

84 、In the aspects of marriage morals, premarital sex act, monogamy, polygamy, and thephenomenon of adopting wives from one's father or brothers areof morality.───在婚姻道德方面，婚前性自由、一夫一妻制、多妻和轉(zhuǎn)房現(xiàn)象具有道德合法性。

85 、And I want a wife who understands that my sexual needs may entail more than strict adherence to monogamy───我還希望有這樣一個妻子，她對我在性需求方面可能不會老老實實地嚴(yán)格遵守一夫一妻制能夠表示理解。

86 、Monogamy is the type of marriage prevailing in most civilized countries.───大多數(shù)文明國家實行一夫一妻制。

87 、Monogamy arose from the concentration of considerable wealth in the hands of a single individuals man-and from the need to bequeath this wealth to the children of that man and of no other.───一夫一妻制的產(chǎn)生是由于，大量財富集中于一人之手，也就是男子之手，而且這種財富必須傳給這一男子的子女，而不是傳給其它人的子女。

88 、But what is directly proved by the Welsh sources and by the Irish is that among the Celts in the eleventh century pairing marriage had not by any means been displaced by monogamy.───然而，威爾士以及愛爾蘭的材料卻直接證明，在11世紀(jì)時，克爾特人的對偶婚還根本沒有被一夫一妻制所代替。

89 、Monogamy is the basic rule defined by our country's laws on marriage, it is bigamous marriage behavior that infringes and it must be given criminal penalty.───一夫一妻制是我國法律對于婚姻關(guān)系規(guī)定的基本原則,重婚行為侵犯的正是我國一夫一妻的婚姻關(guān)系制度,破壞了我國社會主義的婚姻、家庭制度,必須予以刑事處罰。

90 、Because I don't know if I can do monogamy.─── 因為我不確定我能不能做到單偶

拉丁語前綴有哪些

1. one “一”

拉丁前綴 uni- ：unique 獨一無二的，uniform 制服，unipolar 單極的，unicorn獨角獸，unilateral單邊的，unicycle獨輪車；

希臘前綴 mono- ：monologue 獨白，monogamy 一夫一妻制，monochrome 單色的，monoxide一氧化碳，monolingual單語的。

2. two “二”

拉丁前綴 bi- ：bilingual 雙語的，bilateral 雙邊的，bimonthly 兩月一次的，bicycle自行車，bigamy重婚；

希臘前綴 di- ：dioxide 二氧化物，disyllable 雙音節(jié)詞，digraph 雙字一音，dipole偶極子，dicotyledon雙子葉植物。

3. three “三”

拉丁前綴 tri- ：triangle 三角形，tricycle 三輪車，trilogy 三部曲，trinity三位—體；

希臘前綴 tri- （相同）。

4. four “四”

拉丁前綴 quadr-/quart- ：quadrangle 四邊形，四角形，quadruped 四足動物，quadruple 四倍，quarter 四分之一，quartet 四重奏，quadrille方陣舞；

希臘前綴 tetra- ：tetragon 四邊形，tetrahedron 四面體，tetralogy 四部曲。

5. five “五”

拉丁前綴 quint- ：quintuple 五倍，quintet 五重奏，quincentenary 五百周年紀(jì)念的，quintuplets五胞胎；

希臘前綴 penta- ：pentagon 五角大樓，pentathlon 五項全能，pentad 五個一組，化五價元素。

6. six “六”

拉丁前綴 sex- ：sexangle 六邊形，sextet 六重奏，sexfoil 六折的；

希臘前綴 hexa- ：hexagon 六角形，hexahedron 六面體，hexapod 六足蟲，昆蟲。

7. seven “七”

拉丁前綴 sept- ：septangle 七邊形，septennial 七年一度的，septavalent 化七價的，septet七重奏；

希臘前綴 hepta- ：heptagon 七邊形，heptahedron 七面體，heptachord 七弦琴。

8. eight “八”

拉丁前綴 oct- ：octopus 章魚（章魚有八條腿），octuple 八倍，octet 八人合唱團(tuán)。

希臘前綴 octa- ：octapod 章魚類生物，octagon 八邊形，octahedron 八面體。

9. nine “九”

拉丁前綴 non- ：nonagon 九邊形，nonet 九重奏，nonuple 九倍；

希臘前綴 ennea- ：ennead 九個一組的，enneagon 九邊形，enneasyllable 九音節(jié)。

10. ten “十”

拉丁前綴 deci- ：decimalism 十進(jìn)制，decimeter 十米，decigram 十克；

希臘前綴 deca- ：decade 十年，decagon 十邊形，decaliter 十升，decahedron十面體。

什么叫多邊戀拜托了各位 謝謝

廣義地說多邊戀是同時與一個以上的情人保持開放的親昵關(guān)系的生活方式或?qū)嵺`，涉及到的所有伴侶都知曉并同意這樣做。這些人認(rèn)為自己從情感上適合于維持這樣的以情感為基礎(chǔ)的全方位的相互關(guān)系并能適應(yīng)這樣的彼此相互關(guān)照的生活方式，說是“戀”，實際上更多的指多邊性關(guān)系。英文是Polyamory，這個詞來自希臘語的poly(多 )和拉丁語的amo（愛）。最早見于1990年一篇“一把情人”的文章，不過那時的文章里主要還是用多偶制這個詞（polygamy），以對應(yīng)一夫一妻制（monogamy）。其實類似這樣的**關(guān)系早在1960年代就已經(jīng)存在了，那時尚無多邊戀文化的術(shù)語出現(xiàn)。