?scarcity

scarcity 發(fā)音

英：[?skers?ti]　　美：[?ske?s?ti]

英：　　美：

scarcity 中文意思翻譯

scarcity 同義詞

paucity | scarceness | thinness | unusualness | inadequacy | rareness | shortage | drought | infrequency | deficiency | deprivation | uncommonness | poverty | poorness |lack | want | rarity | need | absence | paltriness | famine | insufficiency | dearth | uniqueness

scarcity 短語(yǔ)詞組

1、scarcity items ─── 稀缺性項(xiàng)目

2、scarcity rent ─── 稀缺地租

3、scarcity of labour ─── [經(jīng)] 勞動(dòng)力不足

4、scarcity principle ─── 稀缺原則

5、relative scarcity ─── 相對(duì)稀缺

6、scarcity goods ─── 稀缺商品

7、economic scarcity ─── [經(jīng)] 經(jīng)濟(jì)上的稀少性

8、scarcity economics ─── [經(jīng)] 稀少經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)

9、scarcity price ─── [經(jīng)] 缺貨價(jià)格

10、what gives rise to the problem of scarcity ─── 是什么導(dǎo)致了稀缺性問(wèn)題

11、contrived scarcity ─── 人為的稀缺性

12、scarcity mindset ─── 稀缺心態(tài)

13、ecological scarcity ─── 生態(tài)稀缺性

14、scarcity value ─── [經(jīng)] 稀少價(jià)值

15、water scarcity ─── 水短缺， ─── 水荒

scarcity 詞性/詞形變化，scarcity變形

復(fù)數(shù)--scarcities。

scarcity 反義詞

abundance

scarcity 常用詞組

water scarcity ─── 水短缺，水荒

scarcity 相似詞語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)

1、scantity ─── 斯坎提斯

2、supercity ─── n.特大都市；人口稠密地區(qū)

3、scarcely ─── adv.幾乎不，簡(jiǎn)直不；幾乎沒(méi)有；決不；剛……就……；僅僅，剛剛；勉強(qiáng)，剛；根本不可能；不可能，不會(huì)

4、scarcities ─── n.罕見(jiàn)；稀少；不足；缺乏（scarcity的復(fù)數(shù)形式）

5、-acity ─── 敏捷

6、scarify ─── vt.在…上劃痕；亂劃；嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)

7、capacity ─── n.能力；容量；資格，地位；生產(chǎn)力

8、scarily ─── 可怕地；容易受驚地

9、caducity ─── n.衰老；早落性；暫時(shí)性；無(wú)常

scarcity 常見(jiàn)例句（雙語(yǔ)使用場(chǎng)景）

1、Either food scarcity or excessive hunting can threaten a population of animals. ─── 食物短缺或過(guò)度捕獵都可能威脅到動(dòng)物的數(shù)量。

2、Subdivide the African population, as some taxonomists propose, and perceptions of scarcity may shift. ─── 如果把非洲象細(xì)分下去，就像物種分類(lèi)學(xué)家所做的那樣，人們對(duì)稀缺的敏感度也隨之降低了。

3、"A true Scot!Plenty of blood, plenty of pride, and right great scarcity of ducats, I warrant thee. ─── 他的同伴報(bào)以一個(gè)陰沉而會(huì)意的冷笑，然后便以快速的步伐動(dòng)身前去。

4、For years I noticed that my clients who lived in a mind-set of scarcity had trouble controlling their weight, even though they dieted assiduously. ─── 常年來(lái)，我注意到自己的生活在‘稀少’心態(tài)下的顧客們很難控制自己的體重，即便他們?cè)诳炭嗟毓?jié)食。

5、Or perhaps the scarcity of beautiful women in Beijing, a defect which makes the parks and theatres less attractive. What can I say now? ─── 當(dāng)我明白了那使我愛(ài)慕的一個(gè)高貴的美型里，是安置著如此的一個(gè)卑劣靈魂，并且無(wú)緣無(wú)故還接受過(guò)他的許多親密。

6、Drought and the scarcity of rain aggravate seriously foodstuffs shortage. ─── 干旱少雨使原來(lái)就很?chē)?yán)重的糧食短缺問(wèn)題更加嚴(yán)重。

7、Domain name is a finite resource, with the scarcity of resources and the more valuable! ─── 域名不是消費(fèi)品，是一種有限資源，隨著資源的稀缺而越有價(jià)值！

8、John Orme, "The Utility of Force in World of Scarcity ",International Security, Vol. 22, No.3, Winter 1997/1998, pp.138-167. ─── 參閱星野昭吉:(中),新華出版社2000年版,第四章,"全球化與安全概念的變化".下文的圖1出自該章的第126頁(yè)和144頁(yè).

9、But China not only has to tackle the current drought, but also long-term general water scarcity. ─── 中國(guó)不僅僅是要解決當(dāng)前的干旱問(wèn)題，也是要解決長(zhǎng)期的水資源缺乏。

10、For luxury goods, scarcity in the marketplace can influence value, spur demand, and contribute to collectibility and long-term appreciation. ─── 奢侈品,在市場(chǎng)上稀缺的價(jià)值來(lái)影響、帶動(dòng)需求,并有助于收取和長(zhǎng)期升值.

11、They were unable to erase the deep fear of scarcity both had acquired in childhood. ─── 他們倆誰(shuí)都無(wú)法消除小時(shí)侯對(duì)貧窮的刻骨銘心的恐懼。

12、Therefore from a macro point of view, our country there is no scarcity of liquidity. ─── 因此從宏觀角度看,我國(guó)不存在流動(dòng)性匱乏的情況。

13、Strong lake current scouring caused by wind and scarcity of soft sediment make hydrophytes hard to grow near the lakeshore in Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake. ─── 為保護(hù)和穩(wěn)固湖濱帶,在太湖梅梁灣進(jìn)行生態(tài)恢復(fù)研究,并成功地實(shí)施了示范工程。

14、Another way to solve the problem of water scarcity is to learn to make use of the most abundant supply of water we have----the sea. ─── 另一種解決缺水問(wèn)題的方法就是充分利用最豐富的水資源??大海。

15、Scarcity of supply or population shifts are often used to rationalise high house prices, but such fundamentals should push up rents, too. ─── 人們經(jīng)常使用供應(yīng)短缺或人口遷移來(lái)解釋高房?jī)r(jià)，但是這些基本因素也會(huì)推動(dòng)房租上漲。

16、Both follow the cost-benefit principle based on natural resource scarcity. ─── 兩者都遵循基于自然資源稀缺性的成本與效益原則。

17、In many places water is becoming scarcer.Treating it as a right makes the scarcity worse. ─── 在很多地方水資源非常稀少，再把它當(dāng)做一項(xiàng)權(quán)利會(huì)使水源本已稀缺的情況變得更加糟糕。

18、Such water scarcity is nothing new for this part of China, and neither is government attention to the issue. ─── 在中國(guó)這部分地區(qū)，此等水源匱乏現(xiàn)象屢見(jiàn)不鮮，政府也對(duì)此給與了深切關(guān)注。

19、Master reiterated that the resources on this planet are sufficient for all humans, and the problem is the misuse of resources rather than the scarcity of food. ─── 師父再次提到,地球的資源足夠所有人類(lèi)享用,問(wèn)題不是糧食不足,而是資源被濫用。

20、And the academic monopolization resulted in the scarcity of the private law relief for self-governance. ─── 公法學(xué)科對(duì)村民自治的壟斷直接導(dǎo)致村民自治權(quán)利司法救濟(jì)資源的缺失。

21、Scarcity mea that society has le to offer than people wish to have. ─── 不足意味著社會(huì)的供應(yīng)不能滿足人們的期望值。

22、Gold is valued not for its scarcity, but as a hedge against inflation. ─── 因?yàn)辄S金的價(jià)值不在于其是一種稀缺資源，而在于它在通貨膨脹中的保值作用。

23、This scarcity of non-grain foods exists not only in Sichuan but in many other places as well. ─── 不僅是四川，還有好多地方都有這個(gè)缺乏副食品的問(wèn)題。

24、It may take even longer before they realize that the scarcity and deterioration of housing is directly traceable to rent control. ─── 也許再過(guò)數(shù)年，人們才會(huì)意識(shí)到房荒與房屋設(shè)施惡化與房租管制有直接的關(guān)系。

25、The growing scarcity of fresh water, alone, in some parts of the world is creating a strong demand for filtration equipment. ─── 僅就世界某些地方淡水日益匱乏的現(xiàn)象而言,就對(duì)過(guò)濾設(shè)備產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的需求。

26、For many years, China resource product price has been somewhat low, not full reflection resources scarcity and environmental damage cost. ─── 多年來(lái)，中國(guó)資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格偏低，未充分反映資源稀缺性和環(huán)境損害成本。

27、This scarcity is inevitable in less developed countries. ─── 在欠發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家這種匱乏是不可避免的。

28、There is no scarcity of opportunity to make a living at what you like; only scarcity of resolve. ─── 從來(lái)就不會(huì)缺乏機(jī)會(huì)讓你按照你喜歡的方式生活，唯一缺乏的只是決心。

29、Behind the reality principle lies the fundamental fact of Scarcity. ─── 在現(xiàn)實(shí)原則背后，存在著一個(gè)基本事實(shí)，這就是缺乏。

30、The first was the scarcity of girls of marriageable age. ─── 一是到結(jié)婚年齡的女孩子太少；

31、The scarcity of imitation in animals limits the amount of data available, but species of birds, whales and dolphins could be analyzed and compared with this prediction. ─── 會(huì)模仿的動(dòng)物并不多，沒(méi)什麼資料可蒐集，但是我們可以分析鳥(niǎo)與鯨豚物種，看看結(jié)果是否符合預(yù)測(cè)。

32、The scarcity of fruits was caused by the drought. ─── 不易解決的還有水果缺乏。

33、He relieved a scarcity of wine and oil and wheat with loss to his own private treasury, by buying these and distributing them to the people free. ─── 在酒，油和小麥缺乏的蕭條時(shí)期，他用私人的國(guó)庫(kù)購(gòu)買(mǎi)這些東西并且免費(fèi)分配給人們。

34、He says widespread use of the technology will automatically solve many of Korea's environmental and inf fuel scarcity problems. ─── 他說(shuō)，該技術(shù)的廣泛使用將自動(dòng)解決韓國(guó)的許多環(huán)境問(wèn)題以及燃料短缺問(wèn)題。

35、When everyone is fully aware of the severity of fresh water scarcity and takes effective measures, I am convinced that we will tackle this problem constructively. ─── 當(dāng)每個(gè)人充分意識(shí)到淡水短缺的嚴(yán)重性,并采取有效措施,我相信我們一定能妥善解決好這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

36、Scarcity is at least as much about politics and power as overall supply. ─── 資源稀少是既是供應(yīng)問(wèn)題，也是政治和權(quán)力的。

37、In times of scarcity or drought, sharing everything may mean that many go hungry only eating a little, but at least each has something. ─── 在缺乏或干旱的時(shí)期，共享每一樣事物意味著許多人變得饑餓，只吃一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，但至少每一個(gè)人都有吃的。

38、Some areas, such as desert settings, are impractical for fires due to the scarcity of firewood. ─── 一些地區(qū)，如沙漠環(huán)境，由于缺乏生火的木頭，點(diǎn)火的想法是不實(shí)際的。

39、The world would move from a state of energy scarcity to an era of inexhaustible energy resources. ─── 世界將從一個(gè)能源缺乏的狀態(tài)進(jìn)入一個(gè)擁有無(wú)窮無(wú)盡能源的時(shí)代。

40、The delight of the children at the sight of some dish on the table showed that it was a scarcity. ─── 孩子們一看到桌子上的菜時(shí)的喜悅表明，那是一種稀缺。

41、In the Arctic tundra, over-population and a scarcity of food sends lemmings on mass migrations at high speeds. ─── 在北極苔原地區(qū)，數(shù)量過(guò)多和食物缺乏導(dǎo)致大量的旅鼠快速遷徙。

42、But at least having to adapt to both plenty and scarcity makes for a more versatile upbringing than one of remorseless overindulgence. ─── 但至少，被迫既要適應(yīng)豐裕生活、又要適應(yīng)捉襟見(jiàn)肘的生活，比過(guò)著不知悔改、放縱無(wú)度的生活更有益成長(zhǎng)。

43、But a little scarcity will triumph over a low-price image, says Stanford's Prof.Shiv. ─── 不過(guò)斯坦福大學(xué)教授希弗上周說(shuō)，輕微的短缺狀況會(huì)比低價(jià)形像的威力更大。

44、Mr Penny jokes about the scarcity of colour photocopiers. ─── 佩尼先生調(diào)侃館里很缺彩色影印機(jī)。

45、CITIC Heavy lies the success of its products in the international market scarcity. ─── 中信重工的成功之道在于它的產(chǎn)品在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上的稀缺性。

46、Propionic acid is an important chemical raw material, but it is also a material of serious scarcity in China. ─── 丙酸是重要的食品、醫(yī)學(xué)、飼料工業(yè)原料,也是目前我國(guó)緊缺的防腐劑原材料之一。

47、The scarcity of medals has also been blamed for the current shortage of American heroes. ─── 也有人認(rèn)為，勛章的減少要?dú)w咎于現(xiàn)在美國(guó)英雄的短缺。

48、Water scarcity, particularly in the arid north, is exacerbated by the indiscriminate discharge of industrial and municipal wastewater. ─── 工業(yè)和城市廢水的隨意排放，加劇了水資源缺乏（特別是在干旱的北方）問(wèn)題。

49、This creates a scarcity mentality where nations squabble over diminishing resources in a world submerging in mayhem. ─── 國(guó)家間因世界正沉陷于混亂而資源不斷減少而爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，而這樣的思維于此爭(zhēng)執(zhí)中是有所缺憾的。

50、What do you think of some of the other exotic hardwoods, the scarcity of Brazilian rosewood, East Indian rosewood. Any other possible guitar woods? ─── 你對(duì)于有些國(guó)外進(jìn)口的硬木，像稀有的巴西玻瑰木，東印度玻瑰木?；蛉魏纹渌赡茏黾哪景逵惺裁纯捶?

51、To tackle water scarcity even as the demand for food increases, we must support initiatives to produce more food with proportionally less water. ─── 即便是在糧食需求增加的情況下來(lái)解決缺水問(wèn)題,我們也必須支持旨在使用相對(duì)較少的水生產(chǎn)更多糧食的舉措。

52、HM views an economic system as the outcome of pragmatic attempts at solving the pressing problem material scarcity. ─── 歷史唯物主義把經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)看作是由人類(lèi)解決物質(zhì)短缺的實(shí)踐所帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。

53、So the more unreasonably low the rent ceilings are held, the more certain it is that the ‘‘scarcity” of rental houses or apartments will continue. ─── 因此，政府所規(guī)定的租價(jià)上限越是低得不合理，出租房源的“稀缺”情況將持續(xù)下去就越必然。

54、The phenomenon of the circulation of China's macroscopic economy current is demand scarcity, supply excess, but the essence of the problem is the invalid supply excess. ─── 中國(guó)目前宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的需求不足、給過(guò)?，F(xiàn)象只是問(wèn)題的表象,而問(wèn)題的實(shí)質(zhì)卻是無(wú)效供給過(guò)剩,有效供給不足。

55、You are releasing the blocks that have caused any scarcity and lack. ─── 你將貧瘠與短缺的桎梏一掃而光。

56、If the recharge season is short, or it provides so much rain in one go that the ground surface saturates and the water infiltrates, the result is flooding and later scarcity. ─── 假如每次降雨的間隔不長(zhǎng)或是一次下太多，使得土壤表層水分達(dá)到飽和，滲透到下方，結(jié)果將是先豪雨成災(zāi)，后來(lái)卻產(chǎn)生乾旱。

57、This scarcity may have been one reason that he didn't intervene, as he might have been expected to, in Patty's battle with Carol Monaghan. ─── 他沒(méi)有像大家所指望的那樣去調(diào)停帕蒂和卡洛爾·莫納亨之間的爭(zhēng)拗，周末常常不在家或許就是原因之一。

58、Yet this cooperation will have to come at a time when resource scarcity squeezes living standards in many places and erodes political stability. ─── 但這樣的合作得等到資源匱乏而擠壓到許多地方的生活水準(zhǔn)，并破壞政治穩(wěn)定時(shí)，才會(huì)到來(lái)。

59、Follow the Free.As resource scarcity gives way to abundance, generosity begets wealth. ─── 免費(fèi)比利潤(rùn)重要--當(dāng)資源變得充裕，慷慨可以孕育財(cái)富。

60、However, due to the scarcity of human transplantable organs, many limits have to be set up in the application of organ transplantation. ─── 但由于人體可供移植器官的稀缺，在這一高科技應(yīng)用過(guò)程中不得不設(shè)定了一些限制條件。

61、In South Asia, the Himalayan glaciers could retreat causing water scarcity. ─── 在南亞，喜馬拉雅山冰河的倒退造成了水荒。

62、They also believe that building skyscrapers helps to solve the problem of the growing scarcity of land in the city. ─── 他們還認(rèn)為建造高樓大廈,有助于解決城市里土地日趨緊張的矛盾。

63、Villa has a great product scarcity, is also a strong resilience, then the experts talk about the resilience of the villa Jingdong how to judge? ─── 別墅產(chǎn)品具有非常大的稀缺性，抗跌性也比較強(qiáng)，那么請(qǐng)各位專(zhuān)家談?wù)剬?duì)于京東別墅的抗跌性怎么判斷？

64、Already the hospitals were worrying about the scarcity of quinine, calomel, opium, chloroform and iodine. ─── 各個(gè)醫(yī)院已經(jīng)在為缺乏奎寧、甘汞、鴉片、哥羅仿、碘酒等等而發(fā)愁。

65、In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity. ─── 在野外，這些鳥(niǎo)會(huì)儲(chǔ)存食物以備日后食物短缺時(shí)再取用。

66、Having waited long enough for his invitation to regain its scarcity value, the tousle-haired dictator is at it again. ─── 在經(jīng)過(guò)漫長(zhǎng)的等待以體現(xiàn)其奇貨可居后，這位蓬發(fā)獨(dú)裁者終于發(fā)出了他的第二次邀請(qǐng)。

67、The contrary of this happens in a year of sudden and extraordinary scarcity. ─── 在突然發(fā)生的非常大荒年，情形正相反。

68、The theme of this year's event is water scarcity, a problem familiarly driven by population explosion, chronic wastage and pollution. ─── 今年世界水資源日的活動(dòng)主題是缺水。缺水的成因所皆知：人口膨脹、期浪費(fèi)、及污染問(wèn)題。

69、There is a scarcity of scientific references that deals with the comparison of the two methods for flavonoid analysis. ─── 但是,關(guān)于這兩種方法在類(lèi)黃酮分析上的比較的文獻(xiàn)卻很少。

70、Just as scarcity favours corruption, knowledge brings power. ─── 就像沒(méi)人喜歡的腐敗現(xiàn)象，知識(shí)帶來(lái)力量。

71、U. S. intelligence officials believe water scarcity is shaping up to be one of the main potential drivers of future global conflict. ─── 美國(guó)情報(bào)官員認(rèn)為，水源稀缺將形成未來(lái)全球沖突的一個(gè)主要潛在導(dǎo)火索。

72、The long-touted scarcity of radio spectrum in the future may be replaced by a surfeit of available frequencies. ─── 困擾大眾已久的無(wú)線電頻譜不足問(wèn)題，未來(lái)將變成可用頻率太多。

73、Six principles are Reciprocation, Commitment and Consistency, Social Proof, Liking, Ahthority, and Scarcity. ─── 六項(xiàng)原則是，對(duì)方的報(bào)酬，承諾，一致，社會(huì)證明，喜好，権威，稀缺。

74、But the story also shows a scarcity of words. ─── 但是這個(gè)故事也說(shuō)明了詞匯的貧乏。

75、Don't worry about scarcity: be rich in your mind. ─── 不愁物質(zhì)的匱乏,但做心靈的富翁不怕世間的貧苦,但做自在的主人。

76、But at least having to adapt to both plenty and scarcity makes for a more versatile upbringing than one of remorseless overindulgence. ─── 但至少，被迫既要適應(yīng)豐裕糊口、又要適應(yīng)捉襟見(jiàn)肘的糊口，比過(guò)著不知悔改、放縱無(wú)度的糊口更有益成長(zhǎng)。

77、Since Credit Paradox is mainly caused by the scarcity of credit experts, knowledge-based management is implemented to manage credit risk. ─── 信貸專(zhuān)家的相對(duì)稀缺性是產(chǎn)生信貸悖論的重要原因。

78、In the conventional world of supply and demand where we all grew up, value came from scarcity. ─── 在我們大家生長(zhǎng)的這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的供求世界里，物以稀為貴。

79、They do this, first, because the internet, in effect, eliminates scarcity in the medium. ─── 他們這么做，首先，是因?yàn)榛ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)，有效地消除了媒介中的缺乏。

80、If there was a scarcity of anything, prices of that thing went up. ─── 如果什么物品短缺，那種物品的價(jià)格就上漲。

81、"A badly or inadequately regulated market is one in which no one is properly monitoring the scarcity of credit. ─── “在一個(gè)規(guī)范很差或者不足的市場(chǎng)里，沒(méi)人在嚴(yán)格地監(jiān)督信用的不足。

82、The tourist advantages of Pingfnag District harmoniously integrate the historic landscapes and the humane landscapes, with typicality and scarcity. ─── 平房區(qū)的旅游優(yōu)勢(shì)使得歷史景觀與人文景觀相得益彰,具有典型性和稀有性。

83、Another sign of change is corporate Japan's sudden zeal for mergers and acquisitions, despite the uncertain business environment and a scarcity of capital. ─── 變革的另一個(gè)標(biāo)志就是雖然商業(yè)環(huán)境難以預(yù)測(cè)以及資金不足，日本企業(yè)卻突然熱衷于合并及收購(gòu)。

84、But even the scarcity of links is important, the researchers said. ─── 但研究學(xué)者說(shuō)，即使關(guān)聯(lián)性不強(qiáng)，也不失其重要性。

85、The disadvantages of the method are too many adjustment times, lower efficiency and accuracy, and scarcity of theorization and high-speed. ─── 應(yīng)用這種方式調(diào)整天線面板時(shí)，調(diào)整次數(shù)較多，效率和精度較低，缺乏理論性和快速性。

86、At the case of capital scarcity for economic development, the local government and development. ─── 在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展所需資本稀缺的情況下，為招商引資各地方政府、各地開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)處于惡性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)。

87、Yet what is most remarkable about the present bout of "agflation" is that record prices are being achieved at a time not of scarcity but of abundance. ─── 只要力所能及，這些政府應(yīng)該提供補(bǔ)貼，但對(duì)象應(yīng)該是窮人，而非食品本身，以求盡可能縮小價(jià)格扭曲效應(yīng)。

88、They are the absence of reasonable framework, the scarcity of operable management, the faultiness of capital market, the short of salted manager, etc. ─── 基金運(yùn)行的相關(guān)資本市場(chǎng)發(fā)育不完善;缺乏有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的專(zhuān)業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)和管理人員等。

89、And scarcity will worsen with global warming, the central government warned in a directive. ─── 中央政府在指示中警告說(shuō)，全球變暖對(duì)水資源枯竭起到惡化作用。

英語(yǔ)翻譯！謝謝！非常急！不要機(jī)械式的翻譯的！

My name is JiangZhengYan. 26 years old, I come from a beautiful seaside city. I in 2008 graduated from nanjing university of traditional Chinese medicine of TCM clinical professional, after the graduation, I work in a hospital in the past two years, in the work I slowly realize his medical theory knowledge and clinical practice ability of scarcity and I desire to further study. Through the efforts of our university in this year, I became a postgraduate in TCM, professional, internal direction is liver disease research, I hope that through my study unceasingly, for these patients bring better treatment! At ordinary times I was cheerful and optimistic, work conscientiously, can bear hardships and stand hard work, love medical career.

總時(shí)間的暴露與內(nèi)源性雌激素或其代謝產(chǎn)物看上去非常重要的導(dǎo)致患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)